Monday, June 3, 2019

TOYOLOGY : Science learning through toy


In order to   innovate 

“ People don’t have to be different but they just need to think differently “


TOYOLOGY : Science learning through toy 



For understanding  principles and concepts of Science , relying on conventional science teaching approach with focus on textbook learning is not a good idea for  21st century learner and educational system . It promotes rote - learning , creates disinterest among learners and proves that  our science pedagogy is not strong enough to develop  skills which are  required to make our learners have a stand in global scenario  .  As a result though we  have a largest number of engineer graduates but not actual engineers . 

STEM education is the buzzword these days . Expanding this we have SCIENCE , TECHNOLOGY , ENGINEERING and MATHEMATICS all integrated and gives us new goals and objectives to be worked upon  by us as educators for our learners . But reality check is different . Still learners could not relate classroom studied science concepts with  their daily life experiences . Although students tend to enter school with a natural tendency for scientific questioning , observation and wonderment , conventional and outdated science teaching stifles their natural curiosity and refrain them from asking  basic questions of Science : What , Why and How ? 

Having such a disheartening situation in science education , we need to gear up and redesign , rethink and revive our pedagogies in science  teaching .As educators before planning for the lesson plan , clarity about the immediate environment and interests of a child is foremost important and we all know games , toys , cartoons etc are a part of child's world . So why not we base our teaching on such tools . 

Looking around us we can have many examples of such educational tools but I selected two of the traditional one : Dippy Bird and Spinning Top  . As Science teacher , we can use  them as educational tools developing understanding about various science concepts using mode of inquiry method , project based learning( PBL )  and thereby creating a scientific temperament , inquisitiveness , exploration among students . 


  So Lets explore  Science through Dippy Bird and Spinning Top 




1.      Dippy Bird


The drinking bird or sippy bird is a popular science toy that features a glass bird that repeatedly dips its beak into water. The earliest version of the device appears to have produced in China circa 1910-1930








Working : 

The goop in his abdomen is methylene chloride, which has a very low boiling point, and therefore evaporates quickly. At room temperature, one or two degrees temperature difference causes the bright red chemical to climb to his head. Suddenly top heavy, he falls over. The felt head, soaked in the water from the cup, cools the methylene chloride, and it drains back to the bottom. The bird rights itself, and it starts all over again .
The drinking bird is used to illustrate many principles in chemistry and physics:
·       boiling and condensation [dichloromethane has a low boiling point of 39.6 °C (103.28 °F)]
·       combined gas laws ( proportional relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas in a constant volume) .Ideal gas law (proportional relationship between the number of particles of a gas and the pressure in a constant volume) , torque, center of mass, capillary action (wicking of water into the felt)
·       the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, heat of vaporization / heat of condensation
 


Educational Concepts
Gas laws ,  Centre of Mass , Boiling , Condensation , Capillary Action etc .










2.Spinning Top or Lattoo defying the gravity !








Another simple yet challenging toy is Spinning top or lattoo demonstrates beautifully very important concepts of Physics like Angular Momentum and its conservation , Moment of Inertia , Torque , Friction , Weight , Precession etc .

How a spinning top "magically" resists the force of gravity. Why don't a spinning top fall over ? These are the questions which arise when we start thinking about its working . Its  just not a  toy but a thesis can be written on it researching various factors on which its working depends .
Its tendency to defy gravity while spinning makes it unique . If spun fast enough, a spinning top will rise to a vertical position and happily stays there, despite the fact that it will fall over if it stops spinning.
There are many forms and shapes of spinning tops, and we can put them into motion in various interesting ways. Some are spun by snap-twisting a center stem with your fingers and releasing, while the top remains on the ground. Others are held by a support at the top while a cord wound around the top is pulled to spin it.

When it is first launched and spinning its fastest, the top is most nearly vertical and stable in its spin. As it begins to slow down, its precession becomes more pronounced and its tilt angle off of vertical increases.


Educational Concepts
Concepts of Rotational Dynamics like Conservation of Angular Momentum , Moment of Inertia , Torque , Angular Velocity and last but  very important Precession .



We are living in digital world , Children are tech savvy using various apps , social networking websites ,tinkering with sensors , engage in virtual world , gathering lot of information at a single click . They don’t have time now to play outdoors on street or in parks . games like Ludo , Chess are losing their charm in fron    t of new glamorous computer games like candy crush etc .  Onus is on teachers in selecting right kind of learning experiences for today’s learners . Its range can be from highly tech educational tools to non digitalized indigenous version like toys , games etc . 


It is not necessary that teaching with toys and games can be just limited to junior classes but our senior level  science concepts can also   be taken through Toyology : Science learning through Toy . Even today’s STEM learning ; explaining various STEM  concepts can very well be associated with it .

In traditional formal education, students typically learn in a   didactic manner, that is, taking notes within a classroom lecture setting. Contemporary educational research indicates that such a passive environment is not effective and results in limited retention of knowledge by students (Prince, 2004). Active learning is an instructional methodology that engages students in the learning process to improve the results of the process (Bruner, 1961). Active learning is a multifaceted and directional approach where various interactions are welcomed (e.g., teacher-to-student, student-to-teacher,and student – to – student  ) (Grabinger & Dunlap, 2000).
Teaching Science through toys foster active learning in which a child is developing higher level thinking skills , problem solving ,  a positive attitude towards the subject and above all motivation to learn which is the ultimate aim for any science educator

so why do we limit our self as science teacher and rely on only chalk and talk . Explore science through Toys and games by bringing it to our classrooms ensuring active learning of our learners .
References :
3.Active Learning Through Toy Design and Development by Arif Sirinterlikci ,Linda Zane , and Alee L. Sirinterlikci
4.www.littledayout.com › Learn ›



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